Ibada, Maagizo na Mahubiri ya Kibaptisti — Sehemu ya 8: Kuandaa na Kutoa MahubiriBaptist Worship, Ordinances, and Preaching — Unit 8: Preparing and Delivering the Sermon

Mstari MkuuKey Verse

"Jitahidi kujionyesha mbele za Mungu kuwa umekubaliwa, mfanyakazi asiyetahayarika, ukihubiri neno la kweli kwa halali." (2 Timotheo 2:15, SUV)"Be diligent to present yourself approved to God, a worker who does not need to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth." (2 Timothy 2:15, NKJV)

Malengo ya KujifunzaLearning Objectives

Utakapomaliza kipindi hiki, uweze:When you finish this unit, you should be able to:

1. Kueleza kwa nini maandalizi na kumtegemea Roho Mtakatifu huenda pamoja.1. Explain why preparation and dependence on the Holy Spirit belong together.

2. Kueleza maisha ya siri ya mhubiri kama msingi wa huduma yake ya hadharani.2. Describe the preacher's private life as the base of his public ministry.

3. Kufuata mfuatano wa vitendo wa kuandaa mahubiri, kuanzia kuchagua andiko hadi kuandika muhtasari na matumizi.3. Follow a practical sequence for preparing a sermon, from choosing a text to writing the outline and application.

4. Kutoa mwongozo wa msingi kuhusu utoaji, ikiwa ni pamoja na sauti, maandishi ya kumbukumbu, na kusema na wasikilizaji wanaotumia Kiingereza au Kihispania kama lugha ya pili.4. Give basic guidance on delivery, including voice, notes, and speaking to hearers who use English or Spanish as a second language.

5. Kujibu mapingamizi ya kawaida kuhusu maandalizi, mahubiri ya kuazima na usemi uliong'arishwa, na kutaja rasilimali zinazoambatana ambazo CTS inatoa.5. Answer common objections about preparation, borrowed sermons and polished speaking, and name the companion resources CTS offers.

Sauti ya Kipindi HikiThe Voice of This Unit

Kipindi hiki kimeandikwa kutoka ndani ya mapokeo ya Kibaptisti, kwa wachungaji Wabaptisti, wengi wao wakitumikia wakiwa na wakati mchache na vitabu vichache. Ni cha kihafidhina: kazi ya mhubiri ni kuleta ujumbe wa Maandiko kwa uaminifu, na ustadi wowote anaoupata unatumikia lengo hilo. Mahali ambapo Wakristo hutofautiana kuhusu jambo la mbinu, tunaeleza mtazamo mwingine kwa haki kisha tunatoa jibu letu. Mapokeo ya Kibaptisti ya mimbari yalielezwa katika Kipindi cha 6, na Kipindi cha 7 kilisimulia hadithi za baadhi ya wahubiri wake wakuu. Kipindi hiki ni daraja kutoka wazo la kuhubiri hadi kazi ya kuhubiri.This unit is written from inside the Baptist tradition, for Baptist pastors, many of whom serve with little time and few books. It is conservative: the preacher's task is to bring the message of Scripture faithfully, and any skill he gains serves that aim. Where Christians differ on a point of method, we state the other view fairly and then give our answer. The Baptist tradition of the pulpit was described in Unit 6, and Unit 7 told the stories of some of its great preachers. This unit is the bridge from the idea of preaching to the work of preaching.

Wenzi Wawili kwa Kipindi HikiTwo Companions for This Unit

CTS inatoa msaada zaidi kuhusu mada hii kuliko kipindi kimoja kinavyoweza kutoa. Wanafunzi wanahimizwa kuchukua kozi tofauti ya uhubiri ya WiseSpeak inayotolewa na seminari, inayofundisha njia kamili ya kujenga na kutoa mahubiri. Pia wanahimizwa kusoma John A. Broadus, On the Preparation and Delivery of Sermons (Kuhusu Kuandaa na Kutoa Mahubiri), ambacho ni kitabu cha kiada kinachoambatana. Kipindi hiki hakirudii wala hakichukui nafasi ya yeyote kati ya hivyo. Kinatoa hatua za jumla ambazo wahubiri Wabaptisti ulimwenguni kote wamezifuata kwa vizazi, ili mchungaji ambaye hajasoma njia yoyote bado awe na mahali pa kuanzia.CTS offers more help on this subject than one unit can give. Students are encouraged to take the separate WiseSpeak preaching course offered by the seminary, which teaches a full method for building and delivering sermons. They are also encouraged to read John A. Broadus, On the Preparation and Delivery of Sermons, which serves as a companion textbook. This unit does not repeat or replace either one. It gives the general steps that Baptist preachers across the world have followed for generations, so that a pastor who has not yet studied any method has a place to begin.

Kwa Nini Kuandaa?Why Prepare?

Baadhi ya waumini hufikiri kwamba mahubiri bora ni yale yanayokuja bila juhudi. Hunukuu ahadi ya Roho ya kusema kwa niaba ya waumini wanapopelekwa mbele ya watawala. Ahadi hiyo ilitolewa kwa wakati maalumu wa mateso. Haimwambii mchungaji aingie mimbarani kila juma akiwa na akili tupu.Some believers think the best sermon is the one that comes with no effort. They quote the promise of the Spirit to speak for believers when they are brought before rulers. That promise was given for a particular moment of persecution. It does not tell the pastor to enter his pulpit every week with an empty mind.

Maandiko yanaonyesha mfano tofauti. "Kwa maana Ezra alikuwa ameutia moyo wake kuitafuta torati ya BWANA, na kuitenda, na kufundisha amri na hukumu katika Israeli" (Ezra 7:10). Angalia mpangilio: kutafuta, kutenda, kufundisha. Ezra alijifunza, kisha akaishi Neno, kisha akalifundisha. Paulo alimwandikia Timotheo, "Ujiangalie nafsi yako na mafundisho yako. Udumu katika mambo hayo; maana ukifanya hivi utajiokoa nafsi yako, nao wakusikiao" (1 Timotheo 4:16). Pia alimwambia ajitahidi ili asitahayarike na aweze kuhubiri neno la kweli kwa halali (2 Timotheo 2:15). Mtu anayeomba msaada wa Roho kisha anafanya kazi kwa bidii juu ya andiko hafanyi kazi dhidi ya Roho. Anamwomba Roho abariki kazi ambayo Yeye mwenyewe ameiamuru.Scripture shows a different pattern. "For Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the Law of the LORD, and to do it, and to teach statutes and ordinances in Israel" (Ezra 7:10). Notice the order: seek, do, teach. Ezra studied, then lived the Word, then taught it. Paul wrote to Timothy, "Take heed to yourself and to the doctrine. Continue in them, for in doing this you will save both yourself and those who hear you" (1 Timothy 4:16). He also told him to be diligent so that he would not be ashamed and could rightly divide the word of truth (2 Timothy 2:15). A man who prays for the Spirit's help and then works hard at the text is not working against the Spirit. He is asking the Spirit to bless the labor that He has commanded.

Mhubiri Nyuma ya MahubiriThe Preacher Behind the Sermon

Kazi ya kwanza ya maandalizi haiko kwenye karatasi. Iko moyoni. Mahubiri ni kufurika kwa maisha pamoja na Mungu. Ikiwa mhubiri mwenyewe hasikii na hatii andiko, anahubiri akiwa na akili iliyogawanyika.The first work of preparation is not on the paper. It is in the heart. A sermon is the overflow of a life with God. If the preacher does not himself hear and obey the text, he preaches with a divided mind.

Tabia tatu zinamsaidia mhubiri.Three habits support the preacher.

Sala. Omba kwa ajili ya andiko, watu, na wewe mwenyewe. Mwombe Mungu akufungulie kifungu kabla ya kukifungua kwa wengine. Spurgeon aliwafundisha wanafunzi wake kwamba mhubiri asiyesali faraghani atakuwa dhaifu hadharani.Prayer. Pray for the text, for the people, and for yourself. Ask God to open the passage to you before you open it to others. Spurgeon taught his students that a preacher who does not pray privately will be weak in public.

Utakatifu. Paulo alimwambia Timotheo awe "kielelezo kwa waaminio, katika usemi, na mwenendo, na upendo, na imani, na usafi" (1 Timotheo 4:12). Watu hukumbuka maisha ya mchungaji muda mrefu kuliko mahubiri yake. Mahubiri ambayo maisha yake yanayapinga hudhuru.Holiness. Paul told Timothy to be "an example to the believers in word, in conduct, in love, in spirit, in faith, in purity" (1 Timothy 4:12). People remember a pastor's life longer than his sermons. A sermon that his life contradicts does harm.

Kusoma. Paulo pia alimwambia Timotheo, "Hata nijapo, ujitahidi kusoma na kuonya na kufundisha" (1 Timotheo 4:13). Mchungaji anapaswa kusoma Biblia kila siku kwa ajili ya roho yake mwenyewe, si kwa mahubiri yake tu, na anapaswa kusoma vitabu vizuri awezavyo.Reading. Paul also told Timothy, "Till I come, give attention to reading, to exhortation, to doctrine" (1 Timothy 4:13). A pastor should read the Bible daily for his own soul, not only for his sermons, and should read good books as he can.

Mfuatano wa Vitendo wa MaandaliziA Practical Sequence for Preparation

Hatua zifuatazo zimetumiwa, kwa mabadiliko madogo, na wahubiri Wabaptisti katika nchi nyingi. Zirekebishe kulingana na hali yako.The following steps have been used, with small changes, by Baptist preachers in many countries. Adapt them to your situation.

1. Chagua andiko na mfululizo. Panga mapema. Mchungaji anayechagua andiko lake usiku wa Jumamosi daima yuko katika haraka. Wachungaji wengi hupanga mfululizo kupitia kitabu cha Biblia, jambo ambalo huwaepusha na swali la kila juma la nini cha kuhubiri. Wengine hupanga kuzunguka mwaka wa Kikristo au mahitaji ya kanisa. Chochote utakachochagua, lijue kifungu chako angalau juma moja kabla ya kukihubiri.1. Choose the text and the series. Plan ahead. A pastor who chooses his text on Saturday night is always in a rush. Many pastors plan a series through a book of the Bible, which spares them the weekly question of what to preach. Others plan around the Christian year or the needs of the church. Whatever you choose, know your passage at least a week before you preach it.

2. Kisome kifungu tena na tena. Kisome polepole, kwa sauti ikiwezekana, na katika tafsiri zaidi ya moja ikiwa unazo. Andika unachokiona: watu, matendo, maneno yanayorudiwa, amri, maswali. Fanya hivi kabla ya kufungua ufafanuzi wowote wa kitabu, ili Biblia yenyewe ianze kusema.2. Read the passage again and again. Read it slowly, aloud if you can, and in more than one translation if you have them. Write down what you see: the people, the actions, the repeated words, the commands, the questions. Do this before you open any commentary, so that the Bible itself speaks first.

3. Funza mazingira. Uliza ni nani aliyeandika, kwa nani, lini, na kwa nini. Angalia kinachotangulia na kufuata. Tambua aina ya maandishi: sheria, historia, ushairi, methali, unabii, injili au waraka. Funza maneno muhimu kwa kulinganisha jinsi Biblia inavyoyatumia mahali pengine. Maandiko hufafanua Maandiko, na kifungu kilicho wazi hukusaidia na kigumu.3. Study the setting. Ask who wrote it, to whom, when, and why. Look at what comes before and after. Identify the kind of writing: law, history, poetry, proverb, prophecy, gospel or letter. Study key words by comparing how the Bible uses them in other places. Scripture explains Scripture, and a clear passage helps with a hard one.

4. Tumia misaada kwa uangalifu. Sasa tazama ufafanuzi wa vitabu (commentaries), Biblia za funzo na funzo la maneno. Ni zawadi kwa kanisa, na mchungaji mwenye vitabu vichache anapaswa kuchagua vichache vilivyo sahihi. Kumbuka kwamba hivi ni wasaidizi, si mabwana. Kitabu kikipinga maana wazi ya andiko, liamini andiko.4. Use helps with care. Now consult commentaries, study Bibles and word studies. They are gifts to the church, and a pastor with few books should choose a few that are sound. Remember that these are helpers, not masters. If a book contradicts the plain sense of the text, trust the text.

5. Tafuta wazo kuu. Andika sentensi moja inayoeleza hoja kuu ya kifungu. Kisha andika sentensi moja inayoeleza unachotaka kanisa liamini au lifanye kwa sababu yake. Sentensi hizi mbili ni uti wa mgongo wa mahubiri.5. Find the central idea. Write one sentence that states the main point of the passage. Then write one sentence that states what you want the church to believe or do because of it. These two sentences are the backbone of the sermon.

6. Jenga muhtasari. Acha mgawanyo utoke katika kifungu, kama ilivyofundishwa katika Kipindi cha 6. Tumia vichwa rahisi ambavyo watu wanaweza kukumbuka. Hoja kuu tatu au nne kwa kawaida zinatosha. Mahubiri yenye hoja kumi na mbili humpoteza msikilizaji.6. Build the outline. Let the divisions come from the passage, as taught in Unit 6. Use simple headings that people can remember. Three or four main points are usually enough. A sermon with a dozen points loses the listener.

7. Ongeza maelezo, mfano na matumizi. Chini ya kila hoja, uliza maswali matatu: Hii inamaanisha nini? Je, ni kweli? Inaleta tofauti gani? Maelezo hujibu la kwanza. Uthibitisho kutoka Maandiko mengine hujibu la pili. Matumizi hujibu la tatu. Mifano ni madirisha yanayoingiza mwanga chumbani, lakini hayapaswi kuwa chumba chenyewe. Yaweke ya kweli, mafupi na yanayofaa maisha ya wasikilizaji wako. Usitumie hadithi kana kwamba ilikutokea wewe kama haikukutokea.7. Add explanation, illustration and application. Under each point, ask three questions: What does this mean? Is it true? What difference does it make? Explanation answers the first. Proof from other Scripture answers the second. Application answers the third. Illustrations are windows that let light into the room, but they must not become the room itself. Keep them true, short and fitted to your hearers' lives. Do not use a story as if it happened to you if it did not.

8. Andaa mwanzo na mwisho. Utangulizi unapaswa kuonyesha kwa nini kifungu hiki kinajalisha kwa watu hawa na kuwaongoza kwenye andiko. Hitimisho linapaswa kurudi kwenye wazo kuu na kuita jibu. Mahubiri mengi huharibiwa na mwisho unaozunguka-zunguka. Jua utakapotua.8. Prepare the beginning and the ending. The introduction should show why this passage matters to these people and lead them to the text. The conclusion should return to the central idea and call for a response. Many sermons are spoiled by an ending that rambles. Know where you will land.

9. Andaa maandishi ya kumbukumbu unayoweza kuyatumia. Wachungaji wengine huandika mahubiri yote; wengine huandika muhtasari kamili pamoja na misemo muhimu. Njia yoyote inakubalika. Andika kwa uwazi, kwa herufi kubwa, ili uone maandishi yako kwa mtazamo mmoja.9. Prepare notes you can use. Some pastors write the whole sermon; others write a full outline with key phrases. Either is acceptable. Write clearly, in large letters, so that you can see your notes at a glance.

10. Sali juu ya kazi iliyokamilika. Isome yote. Kata kisichoeleweka. Uliza kama umesema kile kifungu kinachosema, na kama Kristo anaheshimiwa.10. Pray over the finished work. Read it through. Cut what is unclear. Ask whether you have said what the passage says, and whether Christ is honored.

UtoajiDelivery

Broadus alizingatia kwa uangalifu utoaji kama alivyozingatia maandalizi, na Spurgeon alizungumza na wanafunzi wake kuhusu sauti na tabia. Mapokeo ya Kibaptisti kwa ujumla yamependelea kusema kutoka kwa muhtasari ulioandaliwa au maandishi mepesi ya kumbukumbu, huku macho yakiwa juu kwa watu, kuliko kusoma hati neno kwa neno au kukariri hotuba. Lengo ni kusema na watu, si kuwasomea. Miongozo rahisi ifuatayo inaweza kusaidia.Broadus gave careful attention to delivery as well as to preparation, and Spurgeon spoke to his students about voice and manner. The Baptist tradition has generally preferred speaking from a prepared outline or light notes, with the eyes lifted to the people, over reading a manuscript word for word or reciting a memorized speech. The aim is to speak to the people, not to read at them. The following simple guidelines may help.

Sema kwa sauti ya asili. Usipige kelele ili uonekane wa kiroho, wala usinung'unike. Sema kama ungesema na rafiki unayemheshimu, kwa sauti kubwa kidogo na wazi zaidi kwa ajili ya chumba. Pumzisha sauti yako wakati wa juma na unywe maji.Speak with a natural voice. Do not shout to seem spiritual, and do not mumble. Speak as you would to a friend whom you respect, a little louder and clearer for the room. Rest your voice during the week and drink water.

Tumia nafsi yako yote. Waangalie watu. Acha uso wako uonyeshe unachosema. Tumia ishara zinazokuja kwa asili, na epuka mienendo ya kurudiwa ya woga. Simama na uzito wako ukiwa sawa na Biblia yako wazi.Use your whole self. Look at the people. Let your face show what you are saying. Use gestures that come naturally, and avoid repeated, nervous movements. Stand with your weight balanced and your Bible open.

Dhibiti wakati wako. Mahubiri marefu mno huficha ujumbe wake. Ikiwa unajua kwamba kanisa lako linaweza kusikiliza kwa takriban dakika thelathini, panga dakika ishirini na tano. Fanya mazoezi kwa sauti mara moja, ukiwa na saa, kabla ya kuyahubiri.Control your time. A sermon that is too long hides its message. If you know that your church can attend to about thirty minutes, plan for twenty-five. Practice aloud once, with a clock, before you preach it.

Sema kwa urahisi kwa wasikilizaji wa lugha ya pili. Katika makusanyiko mengi ya Kibaptisti, wasikilizaji wanajua Kihispania, Kiingereza au lugha nyingine kama lugha yao ya pili. Tumia sentensi fupi na maneno ya kawaida. Eleza istilahi kama vile "kuhesabiwa haki" na "upatanisho" (propitiation) kwa msemo rahisi. Rudia hoja kuu. Simama kidogo ili wazo litue. Ukihubiri na mkalimani, sema kwa vipande vifupi, waangalie kusanyiko badala ya mkalimani, na epuka vichekesho visivyoweza kuvuka lugha.Speak simply to second-language hearers. In many Baptist congregations, hearers know Spanish, English or another language as their second tongue. Use short sentences and common words. Explain terms such as "justification" and "propitiation" with a plain phrase. Repeat the main point. Pause to let the idea sink in. If you preach with an interpreter, speak in short units, look at the congregation rather than at the interpreter, and avoid jokes that cannot cross a language.

Mtegemee Mungu unaposimama kuhubiri. Kabla ya kuanza, sali kimya. Paulo alisema kwamba uhubiri wake ulikuja "kwa kuonyesha Roho na nguvu" (1 Wakorintho 2:4). Hakuna kiasi cha ustadi kinachochukua nafasi ya kazi ya Roho, na hakuna ukosefu wa ustadi unaosamehe maandalizi ya kutojali. Ukisahau hoja, usiingiwe na hofu. Rudi kwenye wazo lako kuu na uendelee.Depend on God as you stand to preach. Before you begin, pray silently. Paul said that his preaching came "in demonstration of the Spirit and of power" (1 Corinthians 2:4). No amount of skill replaces the Spirit's work, and no lack of skill excuses careless preparation. If you forget a point, do not panic. Return to your central idea and continue.

Karibisha msaada. Baada ya kuhubiri, mwombe shemasi unayemwamini, mke wako au mchungaji mwenzako maoni ya unyofu. Uliza maswali matatu: Je, ilikuwa wazi? Je, ilikuwa ya kweli kwa andiko? Je, ilituguza? Pokea marekebisho bila kujitetea.Welcome help. After you preach, ask a trusted deacon, your wife or a fellow pastor for honest feedback. Ask three questions: Was it clear? Was it true to the text? Did it reach us? Receive correction without defending yourself.

Mapingamizi na Majibu YetuObjections and Our Answers

Pingamizi la 1: Maandalizi makini yanaonyesha ukosefu wa imani kwa Roho.Objection 1: Careful preparation shows a lack of faith in the Spirit.

Wengine husema mtu wa kiroho anaweza tu kufungua kinywa chake.Some say a spiritual man can just open his mouth.

Jibu letu. Roho alivuvia Maandiko kupitia watu waliojifunza na kuandika, na Luka alianza Injili yake kwa kusema kwamba alikuwa amechunguza mambo yote kwa uangalifu (Luka 1:3). Roho anaweza kusema kupitia maneno yasiyopangwa, na tunapaswa kuwa tayari kwa hilo. Lakini mfano wa kawaida katika Maandiko ni kazi ya bidii chini ya uongozi wa Roho. Ezra alijiandaa, Paulo alimwambia Timotheo ajifunze, na mchungaji anaambiwa awe na bidii.Our answer. The Spirit inspired the Scriptures through men who studied and wrote, and Luke began his Gospel by saying that he had investigated everything carefully (Luke 1:3). The Spirit can speak through unplanned words, and we should be ready for that. But the usual pattern in Scripture is diligent labor under the Spirit's guidance. Ezra prepared, Paul told Timothy to study, and the pastor is told to be diligent.

Pingamizi la 2: Paulo alikataa kutumia ufasaha, kwa hiyo utoaji uliong'arishwa ni kosa.Objection 2: Paul refused to use eloquence, so a polished delivery is wrong.

Paulo aliwaambia Wakorintho kwamba ujumbe wake haukuwa kwa maneno ya kushawishi ya hekima ya kibinadamu (1 Wakorintho 2:1-5), na wengine wanahitimisha kwamba ustadi wa kusema si wa kiroho.Paul told the Corinthians that his message was not in persuasive words of human wisdom (1 Corinthians 2:1-5), and some conclude that skill in speaking is unspiritual.

Jibu letu. Paulo alikuwa akikataa kutumia usemi wa werevu kuwavuta watu kwa nguvu ya mhubiri mwenyewe. Hakukataa uwazi. Aliomba maombi ili aweze kuidhihirisha injili inavyompasa kunena (Wakolosai 4:3-4). Ustadi unaotumikia ujumbe ni zawadi. Ustadi unaovuta macho kwa msemaji ni hatari. Tunaweza kutafuta kuboresha usemi wetu huku tukimpa Mungu utukufu wote.Our answer. Paul was rejecting the use of clever speech to win people by the preacher's own power. He did not reject clarity. He asked prayer that he might make the gospel plain as he ought to speak (Colossians 4:3-4). Skill that serves the message is a gift. Skill that draws attention to the speaker is a danger. We may seek to improve our speaking while giving all glory to God.

Pingamizi la 3: Mchungaji mwenye shughuli nyingi anaweza kuazima mahubiri kutoka kwa wahubiri wengine.Objection 3: A busy pastor may borrow sermons from other preachers.

Leo mchungaji anaweza kupata maandishi ya mahubiri na rekodi za wasemaji wengine kwa kuchapishwa na mtandaoni. Wengine hutetea kuyatumia kama yalivyo, kwa sababu kweli ni mali ya wote.Today a pastor can find sermon texts and recordings from other speakers in print and online. Some defend using them as they are, because the truth belongs to all.

Jibu letu. Jifunze kazi ya wengine kwa uhuru. Ni hekima kujifunza kutoka kwa ufafanuzi wa vitabu na mahubiri. Lakini kuhubiri mahubiri ya mtu mwingine kana kwamba umeyaandika wewe ni udanganyifu, na pia huwaachia watu neno la mtu mwingine na si lako. Mahubiri yanapaswa kutoka katika funzo lako mwenyewe la andiko na ujuzi wako mwenyewe wa kanisa lako. Ukitumia wazo au hadithi kutoka kwa mwingine, sema hivyo pale ambapo ni muhimu kufanya hivyo. Wachungaji Wabaptisti, wanaowajibika kwa kusanyiko la mahali, wanapaswa kujulikana kwa kusema ukweli.Our answer. Study the work of others freely. It is wise to learn from commentaries and sermons. But to preach another man's sermon as though you wrote it is dishonest, and it also leaves the people with someone else's word and not yours. A sermon should come from your own study of the text and your own knowledge of your church. If you use a thought or a story from another, say so when it is important to do so. Baptist pastors, who answer to a local congregation, should be known for truthfulness.

Pingamizi la 4: Mchungaji anayefanya kazi nyingine hana wakati wa hatua hizi zote.Objection 4: A bivocational pastor has no time for all these steps.

Wachungaji wengi hufanya kazi ya wakati wote katika ajira nyingine.Many pastors work full-time at another job.

Jibu letu. Hili ni la kweli, na hakuna mtu anayepaswa kuaibishwa kwalo. Rekebisha mfuatano. Kisome kifungu kila asubuhi kwa juma moja. Andika madokezo kwenye basi au wakati wa mapumziko. Tumia kikao kimoja kirefu zaidi kuandika muhtasari. Tumia misaada michache. Bwana hamwombi mchungaji wakati zaidi ya alionao, lakini anaomba uaminifu katika wakati alionao. Gawanya kazi katika juma zima badala ya kuiacha yote usiku wa Jumamosi.Our answer. This is real, and no one should be shamed by it. Adapt the sequence. Read the passage every morning for a week. Make notes on the bus or during a break. Spend one longer session writing the outline. Use fewer helps. The Lord does not ask a pastor for more time than he has, but He does ask for faithfulness in the time he has. Spread the work across the week rather than leaving it all for Saturday night.

Matumizi ya KichungajiPastoral Application

Mchungaji Daniel anafanya kazi ya udereva wakati wa juma na kuchunga kanisa dogo mwishoni mwa juma. Anamwambia rafiki yake, mchungaji mwenzake, kwamba anahisi anashindwa kwa sababu mahubiri yake yanaonekana ya haraka. Rafiki yake anamwomba aeleze juma lake.Pastor Daniel works as a driver during the week and pastors a small church on weekends. He tells his friend, a fellow pastor, that he feels he is failing because his sermons feel rushed. His friend asks him to describe his week.

Wanapanga mfano bora zaidi. Jumatatu asubuhi Daniel atachagua na kusoma kifungu kinachofuata, na atarekodi ujumbe mfupi wa sauti kuhusu anachokiona. Jumatano jioni atatumia saa moja na kifungu na ufafanuzi mmoja wa kitabu na kuandika wazo lake kuu. Ijumaa ataandika muhtasari wake na mpango mfupi wa mwanzo na mwisho. Jumamosi atausoma mahubiri yote kwa sauti, mara moja, na kusali juu yake. Baada ya ibada Jumapili atamwuliza shemasi mmoja, "Ni jambo gani moja lililokuwa wazi? Ni jambo gani moja ambalo halikuwa wazi?"They plan a better pattern. On Monday morning Daniel will choose and read the next passage, and he will record a short voice note about what he sees. On Wednesday evening he will spend an hour with the passage and one commentary and write his central idea. On Friday he will write his outline and a short plan for the opening and closing. On Saturday he will read the sermon through aloud, once, and pray over it. After the service on Sunday he will ask one deacon, "What was one thing that was clear? What was one thing that was not?"

Ndani ya miezi miwili Daniel anaona kwamba ana wasiwasi mdogo na kwamba mahubiri yake ni mafupi na wazi zaidi. Bado ana wakati mchache wa bure, lakini hahubiri tena akiwa mtupu.Within two months Daniel notices that he is less anxious and that his sermons are shorter and clearer. He still has little free time, but he is no longer preaching on empty.

MuhtasariSummary

Maandalizi na kumtegemea Roho huenda pamoja, kama mfano wa Ezra na maagizo kwa Timotheo yanavyoonyesha. Maisha ya siri ya mhubiri ya sala, utakatifu na kusoma ndiyo msingi wa huduma yake ya hadharani. Mfuatano wa vitendo wa kuandaa mahubiri unajumuisha kuchagua andiko mapema, kulisoma mara kwa mara, kuchunguza mazingira yake, kutumia misaada kwa uangalifu, kutafuta wazo kuu, kujenga muhtasari kutoka katika andiko, kuongeza maelezo, mfano na matumizi, kupanga mwanzo na mwisho, kuandaa maandishi ya kumbukumbu yanayotumika, na kusali juu ya kazi iliyokamilika. Katika utoaji, mapokeo ya Kibaptisti yamependelea kusema na watu kutoka kwa muhtasari au maandishi mepesi, kwa sauti ya asili, kuzingatia wakati, usemi rahisi kwa wasikilizaji wa lugha ya pili, na kumtegemea Roho. Mapingamizi kwamba maandalizi yanaonyesha ukosefu wa imani, kwamba ung'arishaji si wa kiroho, kwamba kuazima mahubiri hakuna madhara, na kwamba wachungaji wenye shughuli hawawezi kujiandaa, kila moja lina jibu wazi kutoka Maandiko. Kwa mafunzo ya kina zaidi, wanafunzi wanaelekezwa kwenye kozi ya uhubiri ya WiseSpeak ya CTS na kitabu cha kiada cha Broadus.Preparation and dependence on the Spirit go together, as the example of Ezra and the instruction to Timothy show. The preacher's private life of prayer, holiness and reading is the base of his public ministry. A practical sequence for preparing a sermon includes choosing the text early, reading it repeatedly, studying its setting, using helps with care, finding the central idea, building an outline from the text, adding explanation, illustration and application, planning the opening and the ending, preparing usable notes, and praying over the finished work. In delivery, the Baptist tradition has favored speaking to the people from an outline or light notes, with a natural voice, attention to time, simple speech for second-language hearers, and reliance on the Spirit. The objections that preparation shows a lack of faith, that polish is unspiritual, that borrowing sermons is harmless, and that busy pastors cannot prepare each have a clear answer from Scripture. For deeper training, students are directed to CTS's WiseSpeak preaching course and to Broadus's textbook.

Usomaji ZaidiFurther Reading

• John A. Broadus, On the Preparation and Delivery of Sermons (Kuhusu Kuandaa na Kutoa Mahubiri) (ilichapishwa kwanza 1870), kitabu cha kiada kinachoambatana kwa masomo ya uhubiri ya CTS.• John A. Broadus, On the Preparation and Delivery of Sermons (first published 1870), a companion textbook for CTS preaching studies.

• Charles Haddon Spurgeon, Lectures to My Students (Mihadhara kwa Wanafunzi Wangu) (public domain).• Charles Haddon Spurgeon, Lectures to My Students (public domain).

• Kozi ya uhubiri ya WiseSpeak ya CTS, inayotolewa tofauti na seminari.• The CTS WiseSpeak preaching course, offered separately by the seminary.

• John Bunyan, The Pilgrim's Progress (Safari ya Msafiri) (public domain), kama mfano wa usemi rahisi.• John Bunyan, The Pilgrim's Progress (public domain), as an example of plain speech.

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