Huduma ya Kichungaji, Misheni na Uongozi wa Kanisa wa Kibaptisti — Sehemu ya 1: Mchungaji wa Kibaptisti: Mchungaji wa Kundi, Mhubiri, MtumishiBaptist Pastoral Ministry, Missions, and Church Leadership — Unit 1: The Baptist Pastor: Shepherd, Preacher, Servant

Mstari MkuuKey Verse

"Lichungeni kundi la Mungu lililo kwenu, mkiliangalia, si kwa kulazimishwa, bali kwa moyo radhi; si kwa kutaka fedha mbaya, bali kwa moyo wa nia; wala si kama watawalao urithi wa Mungu, bali mkiwa vielelezo kwa lile kundi." (1 Petro 5:2-3, SUV)"Shepherd the flock of God which is among you, serving as overseers, not by compulsion but willingly, not for dishonest gain but eagerly; nor as being lords over those entrusted to you, but being examples to the flock." (1 Peter 5:2-3, NKJV)

Malengo ya KujifunzaLearning Objectives

Utakapomaliza kipindi hiki, unapaswa kuweza:When you finish this unit, you should be able to:

1. Kueleza kwa nini Agano Jipya linatumia majina matatu, mchungaji, mzee na mwangalizi, kwa kazi moja.1. Explain why the New Testament uses three names, pastor, elder and overseer, for one work.

2. Kueleza kazi tatu za mchungaji za kuchunga, kuhubiri na kutumikia, kwa Maandiko kwa kila moja.2. Describe the pastor's three tasks of shepherding, preaching and serving, with Scripture for each.

3. Kutofautisha wito wa ndani na wito wa kanisa, na kueleza kwa nini mchungaji wa Kibaptisti anahitaji vyote viwili.3. Distinguish the inward call from the church's call, and say why a Baptist pastor needs both.

4. Kueleza jinsi mchungaji anavyoongoza katika kanisa la kimkutano (kanisa linalojitawala lenyewe) bila kuwa mtawala wala mtumishi wa kuajiriwa tu.4. Explain how a pastor leads in a congregational church without becoming either a ruler or a hired hand.

5. Kueleza misimamo mikuu ya Wabaptisti kuhusu nani anaweza kushika ofisi ya uchungaji na kuhusu kumtegemeza mchungaji, na kujibu pingamizi za kawaida.5. State the main Baptist positions on who may hold the pastoral office and on the support of the pastor, and answer the common objections.

Sauti ya Kozi HiiThe Voice of This Course

Kozi hii imeandikwa kutoka ndani ya mapokeo ya Kibaptisti, kwa ajili ya wachungaji Wabaptisti na wale wanaojiandaa kutumikia. Ni kozi ya kitheolojia ya kihafidhina. Tunashikilia kwamba Biblia ni Neno la Mungu lililopumuliwa na Mungu, lenye mamlaka na linalotosheleza, na tunashikilia imani za kihistoria za Kibaptisti kuhusu kanisa, maagizo mawili ya Bwana (ubatizo na Meza ya Bwana) na uhuru wa kanisa la mahali. Pale Wakristo wengine au wanahistoria wanapoona mambo kwa namna tofauti, tunaeleza mtazamo wao kwa haki kisha tunatoa jibu la Kibaptisti. Wabaptisti hawajawahi kukubaliana juu ya kila jambo, na Wabaptisti wanapotofautiana wao kwa wao tunasema hivyo. Historia ya Wabaptisti, mafundisho yao na utawala wa kanisa vinafundishwa katika Kozi ya 1 hadi 3. Kozi hii inahusu kazi ya kila siku ya kuongoza kanisa, nayo inaanza na kiongozi mwenyewe.This course is written from inside the Baptist tradition, for Baptist pastors and those preparing to serve. It is theologically conservative. We hold that the Bible is the inspired, authoritative and sufficient Word of God, and we hold the historic Baptist convictions about the church, the ordinances and the freedom of the local congregation. Where other Christians or historians see things differently, we state their view fairly and then give the Baptist answer. Baptists have never agreed on everything, and when Baptists differ among themselves we say so. Baptist history, doctrine and church government are taught in Courses 1 to 3. This course is about the daily work of leading a church, and it begins with the leader himself.

Majina Matatu kwa Kazi MojaThree Names for One Work

Agano Jipya linatumia maneno matatu kwa wanaume wanaoongoza kanisa la mahali. "Mchungaji" maana yake ni mchungaji wa kondoo. "Mzee" linaonyesha mtu mzima kiroho anayestahili heshima. "Mwangalizi" linaonyesha kazi ya kulitunza kundi. Haya si vyeo vitatu vya ngazi. Ni njia tatu za kueleza ofisi moja.The New Testament uses three words for the men who lead a local church. "Pastor" means shepherd. "Elder" points to a mature man who deserves respect. "Overseer" points to the work of watching over a flock. These are not three ranks. They are three ways of describing one office.

Uthibitisho uko katika maandiko yenyewe. Katika Matendo 20:17 Paulo anawaita wazee wa kanisa la Efeso. Katika mstari wa 28 anawaambia watu hao hao kwamba Roho Mtakatifu amewaweka kuwa waangalizi, ili walichunge kanisa la Mungu. Petro anawaandikia wazee na kuwaambia walichunge kundi na kutumika kama waangalizi (1 Petro 5:1-2). Katika Tito 1:5 na 1:7 Paulo anatumia "mzee" na "mwangalizi" kwa watu hao hao.The proof is in the texts. In Acts 20:17 Paul calls for the elders of the church at Ephesus. In verse 28 he tells the same men that the Holy Spirit has made them overseers, to shepherd the church of God. Peter writes to the elders and tells them to shepherd the flock and serve as overseers (1 Peter 5:1-2). In Titus 1:5 and 1:7 Paul uses "elder" and "overseer" for the same men.

Kwa sababu hii Wabaptisti hawajawahi kukubali ngazi ya vyeo ambamo maaskofu wanawatawala wachungaji. Kanisa la mahali lina ofisi mbili, mchungaji na shemasi. Hili ndilo fundisho la Baptist Faith and Message 2000 (Imani na Ujumbe wa Kibaptisti 2000), na la maungamo ya zamani kama Second London Confession ya 1689 (Maungamo ya Pili ya London ya 1689). Wabaptisti wanatofautiana kuhusu kama kanisa liwe na mchungaji mmoja au timu ya wazee. Mjadala huo uko katika Kozi ya 3, Kipindi cha 4. Katika kipindi hiki tunatumia neno "mchungaji" kwa mtu aliyeitwa kuliongoza kanisa katika Neno na katika huduma ya kuwajali watu, na tunayosema yanahusu kila mtu aliye katika ofisi hiyo.For this reason Baptists have never accepted a ladder of offices in which bishops rule over pastors. The local church has two offices, pastor and deacon. This is the teaching of the Baptist Faith and Message 2000, and of older confessions such as the Second London Confession of 1689. Baptists do differ on whether a church should have one pastor or a team of elders. That debate belongs to Course 3, Unit 4. In this unit we use the word "pastor" for the man called to lead the church in the Word and in care, and what we say applies to every man in that office.

Mchungaji kama Mchungaji wa KundiThe Pastor as Shepherd

Picha ya mchungaji wa kondoo inapita katika Biblia yote. Bwana ni mchungaji wa watu wake katika Zaburi 23. Yesu anajiita mchungaji mwema autoaye uhai wake kwa ajili ya kondoo (Yohana 10:11), na Petro anamwita Mchungaji Mkuu (1 Petro 5:4). Mchungaji ni mchungaji msaidizi. Yeye hamiliki kundi. Matendo 20:28 inaliita kanisa lile "alilolinunua kwa damu yake mwenyewe," na Petro analiita "kundi la Mungu." Kanisa si mali yake wala kazi yake ya kujipatia riziki tu. Ni mali ya Kristo.The picture of the shepherd runs through the whole Bible. The Lord is the shepherd of His people in Psalm 23. Jesus calls Himself the good shepherd who lays down His life for the sheep (John 10:11), and Peter calls Him the Chief Shepherd (1 Peter 5:4). A pastor is an under-shepherd. He does not own the flock. Acts 20:28 calls the church the one "which He purchased with His own blood," and Peter calls it "the flock of God." The church is not his property or his career. It belongs to Christ.

Mchungaji mwema hufanya mambo manne.A good shepherd does four things.

Analisha. Yesu alimwambia Petro, "Walishe wana-kondoo wangu" na "Chunga kondoo zangu" (Yohana 21:15-17). Chakula cha kundi ni Neno la Mungu. Kanisa linalolishwa maoni na burudani litadhoofika.He feeds. Jesus said to Peter, "Feed My lambs" and "Tend My sheep" (John 21:15-17). The food of the flock is the Word of God. A church fed on opinions and entertainment will grow thin.

Anaongoza. Petro anawaambia wachungaji wawe "vielelezo kwa lile kundi." Mchungaji wa kondoo alitangulia mbele, na kondoo wakamfuata. Mchungaji anaongoza kwanza kwa jinsi anavyoishi.He leads. Peter tells pastors to be "examples to the flock." A shepherd walked ahead, and the sheep followed. The pastor leads first by the way he lives.

Analinda. Paulo aliwaonya wazee wa Efeso kwamba mbwa-mwitu wakali wangeingia, na kwamba watu wangeinuka kutoka miongoni mwao wakinena mambo ya upotovu (Matendo 20:29-31). Kulinda maana yake ni kufundisha mafundisho yenye afya na kusahihisha makosa kwa uvumilivu.He protects. Paul warned the Ephesian elders that savage wolves would come in, and that men would rise up from among them speaking twisted things (Acts 20:29-31). Protection means teaching sound doctrine and correcting error with patience.

Anawajua kondoo. Yesu alisema, "Nawajua kondoo wangu" (Yohana 10:14). Mchungaji asiyejua majina, shida na furaha za watu wake ni mhubiri lakini bado si mchungaji wa kondoo. Kipindi cha 2 kimetolewa kwa kazi hii ya kuwajali watu.He knows the sheep. Jesus said, "I know My sheep" (John 10:14). A pastor who does not know the names, troubles and joys of his people is a preacher but not yet a shepherd. Unit 2 is given to this work of care.

Mchungaji kama Mhubiri na MwalimuThe Pastor as Preacher and Teacher

Wabaptisti ni watu wa Kitabu, na mchungaji ndiye anayelifungua kitabu hicho kwa ajili ya kanisa. Paulo alimwagiza Timotheo, "Lihubiri neno" (2 Timotheo 4:2). Miongoni mwa sifa za mwangalizi ni kwamba awe "mwenye uwezo wa kufundisha" (1 Timotheo 3:2). Ni lazima ashike sana neno lile la imani lililo kweli, ili aweze kuwaonya wengine kwa mafundisho yenye uzima na kuwakanusha wapingao (Tito 1:9). Kanisa la kwanza lilipokabiliwa na mzozo juu ya kuwahudumia wajane, mitume walikataa kuliacha neno la Mungu ili kuhudumia meza, na wakasema, "sisi tutadumu katika kuomba na kulihudumia neno" (Matendo 6:4). Maombi na Neno ndiyo kazi ya kwanza ya mchungaji.Baptists are people of the Book, and the pastor is the man who opens it for the church. Paul charged Timothy, "Preach the word" (2 Timothy 4:2). Among the qualifications for an overseer is that he be "able to teach" (1 Timothy 3:2). He must hold firmly to the faithful word so that he can both encourage others with sound teaching and correct those who oppose it (Titus 1:9). When the early church faced a dispute over the care of widows, the apostles refused to leave the word for tables, and said, "we will give ourselves continually to prayer and to the ministry of the word" (Acts 6:4). Prayer and the Word are the pastor's first work.

Uhubiri wa Kibaptisti unaeleza andiko la Biblia na kulitumia katika maisha. Si maoni ya mhubiri yaliyoambatishwa na mstari. Kozi ya 4 inatoa vipindi vitatu kwa somo hili (Vipindi 6 hadi 8), kwa hiyo tunasema hapa jambo hili tu: mchungaji hufundisha shauri lote la Mungu (Matendo 20:27), si sehemu tu zinazowapendeza watu.Baptist preaching explains the text of Scripture and applies it to life. It is not the preacher's opinions with a verse attached. Course 4 gives three units to this subject (Units 6 to 8), so we say only this here: the pastor teaches the whole counsel of God (Acts 20:27), not only the parts that please the people.

Charles Haddon Spurgeon, mchungaji maarufu wa Kibaptisti wa London wa karne ya kumi na tisa, aliwazungumzia wahubiri vijana katika kitabu chake Lectures to My Students (Mihadhara kwa Wanafunzi Wangu). Mihadhara mingi inahusu mhubiri mwenyewe, si mbinu tu. Mtu hawezi kuwapa wengine kwa muda mrefu kitu ambacho yeye mwenyewe hana. Paulo alimwambia Timotheo ajitunze mwenyewe na mafundisho yake (1 Timotheo 4:16).Charles Haddon Spurgeon, the famous nineteenth-century London Baptist pastor, spoke to young preachers in his Lectures to My Students. Many of the lectures are about the preacher himself, and not only about method. A man cannot long give to others what he does not himself possess. Paul told Timothy to take heed to himself and to the doctrine (1 Timothy 4:16).

Mchungaji kama MtumishiThe Pastor as Servant

Yesu aliwaambia wanafunzi wake kwamba watawala wa Mataifa huwatawala watu kwa nguvu, lakini "yeyote atakaye kuwa mkubwa miongoni mwenu, atakuwa mtumishi wenu" (Marko 10:42-44). Kisha alijielekeza yeye mwenyewe, aliyekuja "si ili ahudumiwe, bali ahudumu, na kutoa nafsi yake iwe fidia ya wengi" (Marko 10:45). Aliwaosha wanafunzi miguu (Yohana 13:14-15). Paulo aliandika kwamba tunamhubiri Kristo Yesu kuwa Bwana, na sisi wenyewe kuwa watumwa wenu kwa ajili ya Yesu (2 Wakorintho 4:5).Jesus told His disciples that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, but "whoever desires to become great among you shall be your servant" (Mark 10:42-44). He then pointed to Himself, who came "not to be served but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many" (Mark 10:45). He washed the disciples' feet (John 13:14-15). Paul wrote that we preach Christ Jesus as Lord, and ourselves as bondservants of the church for Jesus' sake (2 Corinthians 4:5).

Kutumikia hakumaanishi kufanya kila kitu. Waefeso 4:11-12 inasema Kristo alitoa "wachungaji na walimu" kwa kanisa "kwa ajili ya kuwakamilisha watakatifu, wapate kufanya kazi ya huduma." Mchungaji-mtumishi huwaandaa wengine kufanya kazi. Mchungaji anayefanya kila kitu huwanyang'anya watu wake wito wao, na yeye mwenyewe atachoka hivi karibuni.Serving does not mean doing everything. Ephesians 4:11-12 says Christ gave "pastors and teachers" to the church "for the equipping of the saints for the work of ministry." The servant-pastor prepares the others to work. A pastor who does everything robs his people of their calling, and he will soon be worn out.

Wito wa Kuingia HudumaThe Call to the Ministry

Mtu huwaje mchungaji? Wabaptisti kwa kawaida wamesema juu ya miito miwili, na yote miwili inahitajika.How does a man come to be a pastor? Baptists have usually spoken of two calls, and both are needed.

Wito wa ndani. Paulo anaandika, "Mtu akitaka kazi ya askofu, atamani kazi njema" (1 Timotheo 3:1). Hamu hiyo ni ya kweli. Ni mzigo wa kuwahudumia watu wa Mungu usiotoweka. Lakini hamu peke yake haithibitishi kitu, kwa sababu watu wanaweza kutamani ofisi hiyo kwa ajili ya heshima, raha au mamlaka. Ni lazima ipimwe.The inward call. Paul writes, "If a man desires the position of a bishop, he desires a good work" (1 Timothy 3:1). The desire is real. It is a burden to serve God's people that does not go away. But a desire alone proves nothing, because men may want the office for honor, comfort or control. It must be tested.

Wito wa nje. Kanisa ndilo linaloupima. Katika Matendo 13:1-3 kanisa la Antiokia, likiongozwa na Roho, liliwatenga Barnaba na Sauli. Katika Matendo 14:23 Paulo na Barnaba waliwateua wazee katika kila kanisa baada ya kuomba na kufunga. Karama na tabia lazima zionekane, na kanisa lazima liwe tayari kumfuata mtu huyo. Spurgeon alifundisha kwamba hamu ya dhati ya kuhubiri lazima ithibitishwe kwa karama na kwa mwitikio wa watu wa Mungu.The outward call. The church tests it. In Acts 13:1-3 the church at Antioch, led by the Spirit, set apart Barnabas and Saul. In Acts 14:23 Paul and Barnabas appointed elders in every church after prayer and fasting. Gifts and character must be visible, and the church must be willing to follow the man. Spurgeon taught that a sincere desire to preach must be proved by gifts and by the response of God's people.

Katika desturi ya Kibaptisti kanisa la mahali lenyewe humwita mchungaji wake, kwa kawaida kwa kura, na kanisa la mahali ndilo linalomweka wakfu. Wachungaji wa jirani wanaweza kuombwa wamchunguze na kutoa ushauri, lakini tendo la mwisho ni la kusanyiko.In Baptist practice the local church itself calls its pastor, normally by vote, and the local church ordains him. Neighboring pastors may be asked to examine him and advise, but the final act belongs to the congregation.

Kwa nini tunahitaji miito yote miwili? Mtu mwenye wito wa ndani peke yake anaweza kuwa amejiteua mwenyewe, mwenye nia njema lakini asiyefaa. Mtu mwenye wito wa nje peke yake anaweza kuwa anafanya kazi tu na si kumjibu Mungu.Why do we need both calls? A man with only the inward call may be self-appointed, sincere but unfit. A man with only the outward call may be doing a job and not answering God.

Tabia ya MchungajiThe Pastor's Character

Vifungu viwili vinaorodhesha sifa za mwangalizi: 1 Timotheo 3:1-7 na Tito 1:5-9. Mwangalizi ni lazima awe asiye na lawama, mwaminifu katika ndoa, mwenye kiasi, mkarimu kwa wageni na mwenye uwezo wa kufundisha. Asiwe mlevi, mpiga watu, mgomvi wala mpenda fedha. Ni lazima aitawale nyumba yake mwenyewe vizuri. Asiwe mtu aliyeongoka karibuni, na ni lazima awe na sifa njema kwa watu wa nje (1 Timotheo 3:2-7).Two passages list the qualifications: 1 Timothy 3:1-7 and Titus 1:5-9. The overseer must be above reproach, faithful in marriage, temperate, hospitable and able to teach. He must not be a drunkard, violent, quarrelsome or a lover of money. He must manage his own household well. He must not be a new convert, and he must have a good reputation with outsiders (1 Timothy 3:2-7).

Nyingi ya sifa hizi ni za tabia na si za kipaji. Mtu mwenye vipawa ambaye maisha yake ni mapotovu atafanya madhara.Most of these are matters of character and not talent. A gifted man whose life is crooked will do harm.

Kifungu kimoja kinajadiliwa miongoni mwa Wabaptisti: "mume wa mke mmoja." Wengine wanakisoma kuwa kinamzuia mtu yeyote aliyewahi kuachana na kuoa tena. Wengine wanakisoma kuwa kinadai uaminifu katika ndoa sasa, na wanachunguza kila kisa kwa upekee wake. Wabaptisti wote wanakubali kwamba ndoa ya mchungaji lazima iwe ya uaminifu na heshima, na kwamba kanisa lazima lichukue uangalifu mkubwa.One phrase is debated among Baptists: "the husband of one wife." Some read it as barring any man who has been divorced and remarried. Others read it as requiring faithfulness in marriage now, and consider each case on its merits. All Baptists agree that a pastor's marriage must be faithful and honorable, and that the church must take great care.

Nani Anaweza Kushika Ofisi Hii?Who May Hold the Office?

Wabaptisti wamegawanyika kuhusu swali hili, na mchungaji anahitaji kuelewa misimamo yote miwili.Baptists are divided on this question, and a pastor needs to understand both positions.

Msimamo mkuu miongoni mwa vyama vya Kibaptisti vya kihafidhina, ulioelezwa katika Baptist Faith and Message 2000, ni kwamba wanaume na wanawake wote wamepewa karama kwa ajili ya huduma katika kanisa, lakini ofisi ya mchungaji inawekewa wanaume wenye sifa kama Maandiko yanavyoeleza. Wanaounga mkono msimamo huu wanataja 1 Timotheo 2:12, sharti la 1 Timotheo 3:2 na Tito 1:6 kwamba mwangalizi awe mume wa mke mmoja, na kielelezo cha mitume na wazee katika Agano Jipya.The main view among conservative Baptist bodies, stated in the Baptist Faith and Message 2000, is that men and women are both gifted for service in the church but that the office of pastor is limited to men as qualified by Scripture. Supporters point to 1 Timothy 2:12, to the requirement in 1 Timothy 3:2 and Titus 1:6 that the overseer be the husband of one wife, and to the pattern of the apostles and elders in the New Testament.

Baadhi ya vyama na makanisa ya Kibaptisti huwaweka wanawake wakfu kuwa wachungaji. Wanataja Wagalatia 3:28, ambapo Paulo anasema hakuna mwanamume wala mwanamke katika Kristo, na wanawake kama Priskila, aliyemfundisha Apolo pamoja na mumewe (Matendo 18:26), na Foibe, aliyeitwa mtumishi wa kanisa la Kenkrea (Warumi 16:1). Wanahoji kwamba vizuizi vilivyomo katika nyaraka za Paulo vilihusu hali maalum.Some Baptist bodies and churches ordain women as pastors. They point to Galatians 3:28, where Paul says there is neither male nor female in Christ, and to women such as Priscilla, who with her husband taught Apollos (Acts 18:26), and Phoebe, called a servant of the church at Cenchrea (Romans 16:1). They argue that the restrictions in Paul's letters applied to particular situations.

Jibu kutoka upande wa wengi ni hili. Tunafurahia kile ambacho maandiko hayo yanaonyesha: wanawake walifundisha, walitumikia na walifanya kazi kwa ajili ya injili. Wagalatia 3:28 inasema juu ya hadhi sawa mbele za Mungu katika wokovu, na hakuna anayekana hilo. Lakini hakuna kifungu hata kimoja kati ya hivyo kinachoonyesha mwanamke akishika ofisi ya mwangalizi, na kanuni ya Paulo katika 1 Timotheo 2 imejengwa juu ya uumbaji (mistari ya 13-14) na si juu ya desturi za mahali tu. Kwa sababu hii Wabaptisti wengi wa kihafidhina huwawekea wanaume ofisi ya mchungaji. Wanawake wa Kibaptisti wametumika sana kama walimu, wamisionari, waandishi na washauri, na tunakubali huduma hiyo kwa furaha. Wale wanaoshikilia msimamo mwingine ni ndugu na dada katika imani, na tunawasema kwa heshima.The answer from the majority side is this. We rejoice in what those texts show: women taught, served and worked for the gospel. Galatians 3:28 speaks of equal standing before God in salvation, and no one denies it. But none of these passages shows a woman holding the office of overseer, and Paul's rule in 1 Timothy 2 is grounded in creation (verses 13-14) and not only in local custom. For this reason most conservative Baptists keep the office of pastor for men. Baptist women have served widely as teachers, missionaries, writers and counselors, and we affirm that service gladly. Those who hold the other view are fellow believers, and we speak of them with respect.

Mamlaka na Uwajibikaji katika Kanisa la KimkutanoAuthority and Accountability in a Congregational Church

Kanisa la Kibaptisti hujitawala lenyewe chini ya Kristo. Kozi ya 3 inaeleza jinsi hilo linavyofanyika. Kwa hiyo mamlaka ya mchungaji ni halisi lakini yana mipaka.A Baptist church governs itself under Christ. Course 3 explains how. The pastor's authority is therefore real but limited.

Ni halisi. Waebrania 13:17 inasema, "Watiini wale wanaowaongoza, mkawe na unyenyekevu; maana hao wanakesha kwa ajili ya roho zenu, kama watu watakaotoa hesabu." Wazee watawalao vema wanastahili heshima maradufu (1 Timotheo 5:17).It is real. Hebrews 13:17 says, "Obey those who rule over you, and be submissive, for they watch out for your souls, as those who must give account." Elders who rule well are worthy of double honor (1 Timothy 5:17).

Yana mipaka. Petro anasema wachungaji wasiwe "watawalao" wale waliokabidhiwa kwao. Kusanyiko linashikilia mamlaka ya mwisho ya kibinadamu chini ya Kristo katika uanachama, nidhamu, mafundisho na fedha. Mchungaji anaongoza kwa kufundisha, kwa kielelezo na kwa kushawishi, si kwa nguvu.It is limited. Peter says pastors are not to be "lords over those entrusted to you." The congregation holds final human authority under Christ in membership, discipline, doctrine and finances. He leads by teaching, example and persuasion, not by force.

Makosa mawili hufuata watu wanaposahau hili. Kosa la kwanza ni kanisa kumchukulia mchungaji kama mtumishi wa kuajiriwa, mfanyakazi anayetenda kile ambacho kamati inamwamuru. Kosa la pili ni mchungaji kujiendesha kama papa mdogo au mkuu wa kampuni anayemiliki kanisa. Yote mawili yanasahau kwamba Kristo ndiye kichwa.Two mistakes follow when this is forgotten. In the first, the church treats the pastor as a hired hand, an employee who does what the committee tells him. In the second, the pastor behaves as a small pope or a company chief who owns the church. Both forget that Christ is the head.

Pingamizi: "Ikiwa kila muumini ni kuhani, hatuhitaji mchungaji." Wabaptisti wanafundisha ukuhani wa waumini wote. Kila Mkristo ana njia ya moja kwa moja kwa Mungu kupitia Kristo (Waebrania 4:16; 1 Petro 2:9), na hakuna mchungaji anayesimama kati ya muumini na Bwana. Lakini Agano Jipya lile lile linalofundisha ukuhani wa waumini wote linatuambia pia kwamba Kristo alilipa kanisa wachungaji na walimu (Waefeso 4:11). Ukuhani wa waumini unamwondoa mchungaji kama mpatanishi. Haumwondoi kama mchungaji wa kundi na mwalimu.Objection: "If every believer is a priest, we do not need a pastor." Baptists do teach the priesthood of all believers. Every Christian has direct access to God through Christ (Hebrews 4:16; 1 Peter 2:9), and no pastor stands between a believer and the Lord. But the same New Testament that teaches the priesthood of all believers also tells us that Christ gave pastors and teachers to the church (Ephesians 4:11). The priesthood of believers removes the pastor as mediator. It does not remove him as shepherd and teacher.

Msaada wa Kifedha na Mchungaji Mwenye Kazi MbiliSupport and the Bivocational Pastor

Maandiko yanafundisha kwamba wale wanaolitumikia kanisa kwa Neno wanapaswa kutegemezwa. Paulo anasema, "Bwana aliagiza kwamba wale wanaoihubiri Injili waishi kwa Injili" (1 Wakorintho 9:14). Anaongeza kwamba mfanyakazi anastahili mshahara wake (1 Timotheo 5:17-18; Wagalatia 6:6).Scripture teaches that those who serve the church by the Word should be supported. Paul says, "the Lord has commanded that those who preach the gospel should live from the gospel" (1 Corinthians 9:14). He adds that the laborer is worthy of his wages (1 Timothy 5:17-18; Galatians 6:6).

Paulo mwenyewe wakati mwingine alitengeneza hema (Matendo 18:3; 1 Wathesalonike 2:9), ili asiwe mzigo kwa kanisa changa. Katika sehemu nyingi za ulimwengu, ikiwa ni pamoja na Amerika ya Kusini na Afrika, wachungaji wengi wa Kibaptisti wana kazi mbili: wanapata riziki kwa kazi nyingine na kuchunga kanisa katika muda wao uliobaki. Hili ni la heshima. Hali bora ni kwamba kanisa limtegemeze mchungaji wake kadiri liwezavyo, ili ajitoe kwa maombi na Neno, lakini kanisa ambalo bado haliwezi kufanya hivyo lisimdharau mtu anayefanya kazi pia.Paul himself sometimes made tents (Acts 18:3; 1 Thessalonians 2:9), so as not to burden a young church. In many parts of the world, including Latin America and Africa, many Baptist pastors are bivocational: they earn their living at another job and pastor in their remaining time. This is honorable. The ideal is that the church supports its pastor as well as it is able, so that he can give himself to prayer and the Word, but a church that cannot yet do so must not despise a man who also works.

Pingamizi: "Wachungaji wanaolipwa wanahubiri kwa ajili ya pesa." Petro anajibu. Wachungaji lazima watumike "si kwa kutaka fedha mbaya, bali kwa moyo wa nia." Kosa haliko katika kupokea msaada. Kosa liko katika moyo wa tamaa. Kanisa linapaswa kumtendea mchungaji wake kwa uaminifu na ukarimu, na mchungaji anapaswa kuishi maisha rahisi na kamwe asiitumie huduma kujipatia faida.Objection: "Paid pastors preach for money." Peter answers it. Pastors must serve "not for dishonest gain but eagerly." The fault is not in receiving support. The fault is in a greedy heart. A church should deal with its pastor honestly and generously, and a pastor should live simply and never use the ministry for profit.

Matumizi ya KichungajiPastoral Application

Mchungaji Daniel, mfano wa kubuni, ana umri wa miaka thelathini na moja. Anafundisha shuleni wakati wa juma na kuchunga kanisa la Kibaptisti lenye watu wapatao sabini katika mji mdogo. Mashemasi wawili wanamwambia, kwa upole, kwamba anapaswa kutembelea watu zaidi. Mshiriki mwandamizi anasema, "Mchungaji ni mwajiriwa wetu, kwa hiyo afanye tunachopigia kura." Mshiriki kijana anasema, "Mchungaji anapaswa kuwa bosi, kama katika makanisa mengine."Pastor Daniel, a fictional example, is thirty-one years old. He teaches in a school during the week and pastors a Baptist church of about seventy people in a small town. Two deacons tell him, kindly, that he should visit more. A senior member says, "The pastor is our employee, so he should do what we vote." A younger member says, "A pastor should be the boss, as in other churches."

Daniel habishani kuhusu maneno. Kwanza, anarudi kwenye Biblia yake na kwenye maombi, na kujiuliza kama mashemasi wako sahihi. Pili, anawaomba mashemasi washiriki kazi ya kutembelea (tazama Kipindi cha 2). Tatu, anafundisha kanisa kutoka 1 Petro 5:2-3, Waebrania 13:17 na Waefeso 4:11-12, kwamba yeye si mtumishi wa kuajiriwa wala mtawala, bali ni mchungaji msaidizi anayewaandaa wengine. Nne, anaomba kanisa likubaliane juu ya orodha fupi iliyoandikwa ya yale linayotarajia kutoka kwake, ili wote waone anachofanya.Daniel does not argue about words. First, he returns to his Bible and to prayer, and asks whether the deacons are right. Second, he asks the deacons to share the visiting (see Unit 2). Third, he teaches the church from 1 Peter 5:2-3, Hebrews 13:17 and Ephesians 4:11-12, that he is neither a hired hand nor a ruler but an under-shepherd who equips others. Fourth, he asks the church to agree on a short written list of what it expects of him, so that all can see what he does.

MuhtasariSummary

Agano Jipya linatumia mchungaji, mzee na mwangalizi kwa ofisi moja katika kanisa la mahali, ambalo lina ofisi mbili, mchungaji na shemasi. Mchungaji ni mchungaji wa kundi anayelisha, anayeongoza, anayelinda na anayewajua kondoo; ni mhubiri anayejitoa kwa maombi na Neno; na ni mtumishi anayewaandaa watakatifu kwa huduma wala hawatawali kwa nguvu. Miito miwili inahitajika: hamu ya ndani na wito wa nje wa kanisa, ambalo linamwita na kumweka wakfu. Tabia yake, kama ilivyoorodheshwa katika 1 Timotheo 3 na Tito 1, ni muhimu kuliko kipaji chake. Vyama vingi vya Kibaptisti vya kihafidhina huwawekea wanaume ofisi ya uchungaji, ilhali baadhi ya Wabaptisti huwaweka wanawake wakfu, na wanawake wanatumika sana katika huduma nyingine. Katika kanisa la kimkutano, mamlaka ya mchungaji ni halisi lakini yana mipaka, kwa hiyo yeye si mtumishi wa kuajiriwa wala mtawala. Wachungaji wanapaswa kutegemezwa na kanisa, na wachungaji wenye kazi mbili wanaheshimiwa.The New Testament uses pastor, elder and overseer for one office in the local church, which has two offices, pastor and deacon. The pastor is a shepherd who feeds, leads, protects and knows the flock, a preacher who gives himself to prayer and the Word, and a servant who equips the saints for ministry and does not lord it over them. Two calls are needed: the inward desire and the outward call of the church, which calls and ordains him. His character, as listed in 1 Timothy 3 and Titus 1, matters more than his talent. Most conservative Baptist bodies reserve the pastoral office to men, while some Baptists ordain women, and women serve widely in other ministries. In a congregational church the pastor's authority is real but limited, so he is neither a hired hand nor a ruler. Pastors should be supported by the church, and bivocational pastors are honored.

Usomaji ZaidiFurther Reading

• Charles Haddon Spurgeon, Lectures to My Students (Mihadhara kwa Wanafunzi Wangu), hasa mihadhara kuhusu kujitunza kwa mhudumu na kuhusu wito wa huduma.• Charles Haddon Spurgeon, Lectures to My Students, especially the lectures on the minister's self-watch and on the call to the ministry.

• Richard Baxter, The Reformed Pastor (Mchungaji Aliyerekebishwa) (1656), kazi ya kale ya Wapuritani kuhusu utunzaji wa kichungaji.• Richard Baxter, The Reformed Pastor (1656), a classic Puritan work on pastoral care.

• J. M. Pendleton, Church Manual (Mwongozo wa Kanisa) (1867), kuhusu mchungaji na kanisa.• J. M. Pendleton, Church Manual (1867), on the pastor and the church.

• Baptist Faith and Message 2000 (Imani na Ujumbe wa Kibaptisti 2000), Kifungu cha VI, kuhusu kanisa na ofisi zake.• Baptist Faith and Message 2000, Article VI, on the church and its offices.

• Second London Confession (Maungamo ya Pili ya London) (1689), sura inayohusu kanisa.• Second London Confession (1689), chapter on the church.

• Orodha za usomaji za Kozi ya 2, ikiwa ni pamoja na James Leo Garrett Jr., Baptist Theology (Theolojia ya Kibaptisti) (2009).• Course 2 reading lists, including James Leo Garrett Jr., Baptist Theology (2009).

• Kozi ya 3, Kipindi cha 4 (ofisi ya mchungaji/mzee) na Kozi ya 4, Vipindi 6-8 (uhubiri).• Course 3, Unit 4 (the pastor/elder office) and Course 4, Units 6-8 (preaching).

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