Huduma ya Kichungaji, Uinjilisti na Misheni ya Ulimwengu ya Kiwesley — Sehemu ya 1: Mchungaji wa Kiwesley: "Hamna Jambo Jingine la Kufanya Ila Kuokoa Roho"Wesleyan Pastoral Ministry, Evangelism, and Global Missions — Unit 1: The Wesleyan Pastor: "You Have Nothing to Do but to Save Souls"

Mstari MkuuKey Verse

"Jitunzeni nafsi zenu wenyewe, na lile kundi lote, ambalo Roho Mtakatifu amewaweka ninyi kuwa waangalizi ndani yake, mkalilishe kanisa la Mungu, ambalo alilinunua kwa damu yake mwenyewe." (Matendo 20:28, SUV)"Therefore take heed to yourselves and to all the flock, among which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to shepherd the church of God which He purchased with His own blood." (Acts 20:28, NKJV)

Malengo ya KujifunzaLearning Objectives

Ukimaliza kipindi hiki, utaweza:When you finish this unit, you should be able to:

1. Kueleza John Wesley alimaanisha nini alipowaambia wahubiri wake kwamba hawana jambo jingine la kufanya ila kuokoa roho.1. Explain what John Wesley meant when he told his preachers that they had nothing to do but to save souls.

2. Kutaja maneno matatu ya Biblia kwa kazi ya mchungaji (mzee, mwangalizi, mchungaji) na kuonyesha kwamba yanaeleza ofisi moja.2. Name the three biblical words for the pastor's work (elder, overseer, shepherd) and show that they describe one office.

3. Kueleza kazi nne kuu za mchungaji wa Kiwesley: kuhubiri, kufundisha, kulinda na kutunza kundi.3. Describe the four main tasks of a Wesleyan pastor: preaching, teaching, guarding and caring for the flock.

4. Kueleza kwa nini utakatifu wa moyo na wa maisha ya mchungaji mwenyewe ndio hitaji la kwanza la kazi hii.4. Explain why the pastor's own holiness of heart and life is the first requirement of the work.

5. Kutaja pingamizi tatu dhidi ya mtazamo wa Kiwesley kuhusu mchungaji na kutoa jibu la Kiwesley kwa kila moja.5. State three objections to the Wesleyan view of the pastor and give the Wesleyan answer to each.

Sauti ya Kozi HiiThe Voice of This Course

Kozi hii imeandikwa kutoka ndani ya mapokeo ya Kiwesley, kwa ajili ya wachungaji na wachungaji wa baadaye walio ndani yake. Tunaposema "Kiwesley" tunamaanisha makanisa yanayoshika mafundisho ya John Wesley: Kanisa la Nazarene, Kanisa la Wesleyan, Kanisa la Free Methodist, Kanisa la Global Methodist, na makanisa ya Methodisti katika Amerika ya Kilatini na Afrika yanayoshikamana na Biblia na mafundisho ya Wesley. Tunashikilia kwamba Biblia ni Neno la Mungu lililopuliziwa na lenye mamlaka. Tunashikilia kwamba Kristo alikufa kwa ajili ya watu wote, kwamba neema ya Mungu hutangulia chaguo letu, na kwamba Mungu huwaita watu wake kwenye utakatifu wa moyo na wa maisha.This course is written from inside the Wesleyan tradition, for pastors and future pastors who belong to it. By "Wesleyan" we mean the churches that keep the doctrine of John Wesley: the Church of the Nazarene, The Wesleyan Church, the Free Methodist Church, the Global Methodist Church, and Methodist churches in Latin America and Africa that hold to the Bible and to Wesley's teaching. We hold that the Bible is the inspired and authoritative Word of God. We hold that Christ died for all people, that God's grace comes before our choice, and that God calls His people to holiness of heart and life.

Wakristo wengine, na baadhi ya wanahistoria, huona mambo haya kwa njia tofauti. Tunaeleza mitazamo yao kwa haki, kisha tunatoa jibu letu (1 Wathesalonike 5:21). Kwa historia, wokovu na utakatifu, tazama Kozi 1, 2 na 3. Kozi hii inauliza swali la kivitendo: mchungaji wa Kiwesley hufanyaje kazi hii?Other Christians, and some historians, see these matters differently. We state their views fairly and then give our answer (1 Thessalonians 5:21). For history, salvation and holiness, see Courses 1, 2 and 3. This course asks a practical question: how does a Wesleyan pastor do the work?

Kwa Nini Kuanza na Mchungaji?Why Begin with the Pastor?

Uamsho wa Kiwesley wa karne ya kumi na nane haukuenea kwa majengo, fedha au majina maarufu peke yake. Ulienea kwa sababu idadi kubwa ya wanaume na wanawake walitoa maisha yao kwa kutunza roho za watu wengine. Baadhi walikuwa wachungaji waliowekwa wakfu. Wengi walikuwa waumini wa kawaida waliosoma kidogo. Wote walijua walikuwa kwa ajili ya nini. Wesley aliwapa wahubiri wake agizo rahisi, nalo likawa sentensi inayojulikana zaidi katika mafundisho yake kuhusu huduma: "Hamna jambo jingine la kufanya ila kuokoa roho." Tunaitumia kama kichwa cha kipindi chetu. Inapatikana katika maagizo ambayo Wesley aliwapa wahubiri wake katika kumbukumbu za mikutano ya awali ya Methodisti.The Wesleyan revival of the eighteenth century did not spread by buildings, money or famous names alone. It spread because a large number of men and women gave their lives to the care of other people's souls. Some were ordained clergy. Many were laypeople with little schooling. All of them knew what they were for. Wesley gave his preachers a simple charge, and it became the best-known sentence of his teaching about ministry: "You have nothing to do but to save souls." We use it as our unit title. It appears in the instructions that Wesley gave to his preachers in the minutes of the early Methodist conferences.

Wesley Alimaanisha Nini: "Hakuna Jambo la Kufanya Ila Kuokoa Roho"What Wesley Meant: "Nothing to Do but to Save Souls"

Sentensi hii ni rahisi kuielewa vibaya. Wengine huisikia kama amri ya kupuuza kila kitu isipokuwa kuhubiri. Hicho si alichomaanisha wala alichofanya Wesley.The sentence is easy to misunderstand. Some hear it as a command to ignore everything except preaching. That is not what Wesley meant or did.

Kwanza, "kuokoa roho" katika Biblia kunamaanisha kuokoa watu. Katika Maandiko neno "roho" (nafsi) mara nyingi humaanisha mtu mzima aliye hai (Mwanzo 2:7, ambapo mtu alikuwa "nafsi hai"). Wesley alihubiri kwa mtu aliyekuwa na njaa, mgonjwa, maskini, gerezani au mwenye deni. Alitembelea wagonjwa, alikusanya fedha kwa ajili ya maskini, na aliandika kuhusu tiba kwa watu wasioweza kumlipa daktari. Kipindi cha 6 cha kozi hii kitaonyesha hili kwa upana zaidi. Kwa Wesley, kuokoa roho na kutunza mwili havikuwa wapinzani.First, "to save souls" in the Bible means to save persons. In the Scriptures the word "soul" often means the whole living person (Genesis 2:7, where man became a "living being"). Wesley preached to the person who was hungry, sick, poor, in prison or in debt. He visited the sick, collected money for the poor, and wrote on medicine for people who could not pay a doctor. Unit 6 of this course will show this more fully. For Wesley, saving the soul and caring for the body were not rivals.

Pili, sentensi hiyo ilikuwa kanuni kuhusu vipaumbele. Mhubiri anayesafiri kutoka mji hadi mji ana mambo mengi mazuri anayoweza kufanya. Wesley aliwaambia wasaidizi wake kwamba jambo moja ambalo lazima litawale mengine yote ni wokovu wa watu, tangu kuamka kwa kwanza kwa dhamiri hadi utimilifu wa upendo kwa Mungu na jirani. Kwa hiyo sentensi hiyo inajumuisha uinjilisti, ufundishaji, kuwafanya watu wanafunzi na utakaso. Haihusu hatua ya kwanza tu.Second, the sentence was a rule about priorities. A preacher who goes from town to town has many good things he could do. Wesley told his helpers that the one thing that must rule all the others is the salvation of people, from the first awakening of conscience to the fullness of love for God and neighbor. The sentence therefore covers evangelism, teaching, discipling and holiness. It does not cover only the first step.

Tatu, sentensi hiyo inahusu shughuli ya mchungaji, si thamani yake. Mchungaji hapati upendeleo wa Mungu kwa kufanya kazi. Baada ya kuhisi moyo wake "ukipata joto la ajabu" katika Mtaa wa Aldersgate mwaka 1738 (tazama Kozi 1, Kipindi cha 3), Wesley alitumikia si ili akubaliwe bali kwa sababu alikuwa amekwisha kukubaliwa.Third, the sentence is about the pastor's business, not his worth. The pastor does not earn God's favor by working. After he felt his heart "strangely warmed" at Aldersgate Street in 1738 (see Course 1, Unit 3), Wesley served not to win acceptance but because he had received it.

Ofisi Moja, Majina MatatuOne Office, Three Names

Agano Jipya hutumia maneno matatu makuu kwa mtu anayeongoza kanisa la mahali. Baadhi ya Wakristo huyachukulia kuwa ofisi tatu. Usomaji makini unaonyesha kwamba yanaeleza kazi moja kutoka pande tatu.The New Testament uses three main words for the person who leads a local church. Some Christians treat them as three offices. A careful reading shows they describe one work from three sides.

Katika Matendo 20, Paulo anawaita "wazee" (Kigiriki presbyteroi) wa kanisa la Efeso (mstari wa 17). Katika mstari wa 28 anawaambia watu hao hao kwamba Roho Mtakatifu amewaweka kuwa "waangalizi" (Kigiriki episkopoi) na kwamba wanapaswa "kulichunga" kundi (Kigiriki poimainein, kutoka familia moja na neno la mchungaji). Petro anafanya vivyo hivyo katika 1 Petro 5:1-2. Anawaandikia "wazee" miongoni mwao na kuwaambia "lichungeni kundi la Mungu lililo kwenu, mkiliangalia." Maneno haya hutumiwa pamoja kwa sababu yanaeleza kundi moja la watu.In Acts 20, Paul calls for the "elders" (Greek presbyteroi) of the church at Ephesus (verse 17). In verse 28 he tells the same men that the Holy Spirit has made them "overseers" (Greek episkopoi) and that they are "to shepherd" the flock (Greek poimainein, from the same family as the word for pastor). Peter does the same in 1 Peter 5:1-2. He writes to "the elders" among them and tells them to "shepherd the flock of God which is among you, serving as overseers." The words are used together because they describe one group of people.

• Mzee huonyesha ukomavu na heshima. Mzee ni mtu ambaye jumuiya humheshimu kwa imani na tabia yake.• Elder points to maturity and standing. The elder is a person whom the community respects for faith and character.

• Mwangalizi huonyesha wajibu. Mwangalizi hutazama maisha yote ya kanisa.• Overseer points to responsibility. The overseer watches over the whole life of the church.

• Mchungaji (shepherd) huonyesha utunzaji. Mchungaji hulisha, huongoza, hulinda na hutafuta waliopotea.• Shepherd (pastor) points to care. The shepherd feeds, guides, protects and seeks the lost.

Mashirika ya Kiwesley hutumia vyeo tofauti (Kozi 4 inavichunguza), lakini Agano Jipya huweka kazi kwanza na cheo baadaye. Mtu mwenye cheo lakini asiyechunga ameshindwa kuelewa lengo.Wesleyan bodies use different titles (Course 4 studies them), but the New Testament puts the work first and the title second. A man who has the title but does not shepherd has missed the point.

Yesu mwenyewe ni kielelezo. Alijiita mchungaji mwema atoaye uhai wake kwa ajili ya kondoo (Yohana 10:11). Baada ya kufufuka aliuliza Petro mara tatu, "Wanipenda?" na akatoa amri, "Walishe wana-kondoo wangu . . . Chunga kondoo wangu . . . Walishe kondoo wangu" (Yohana 21:15-17). Mpangilio huu ni muhimu. Upendo kwa Kristo hutangulia. Kisha inakuja kazi.Jesus Himself is the model. He called Himself the good shepherd who lays down His life for the sheep (John 10:11). After the resurrection He asked Peter three times, "Do you love Me?" and gave the command, "Feed My lambs . . . Tend My sheep . . . Feed My sheep" (John 21:15-17). The order is important. Love for Christ comes first. Then comes the work.

Kazi Nne za MchungajiThe Four Tasks of the Pastor

Kutoka katika Maandiko na mazoea ya Umethodisti wa mwanzo, tunaweza kueleza kazi nne kuu. Haziwezi kutenganishwa, lakini inasaidia kuzitaja.From Scripture and from the practice of early Methodism, we can describe four main tasks. They cannot be separated, but it helps to name them.

1. Kuhubiri. Paulo anamwambia Timotheo, "Lihubiri neno" (2 Timotheo 4:2). Mchungaji huwaita watu watubu, waamini, na waendelee hadi upendo mkamilifu. Kipindi cha 2 kitachunguza kazi hii.1. Preach. Paul tells Timothy, "Preach the word!" (2 Timothy 4:2). The pastor calls people to repent, to believe and to go on to perfect love. Unit 2 will study this task.

2. Kufundisha na kuwafanya watu wanafunzi. Mchungaji haleti watu kwa Kristo tu; huwasaidia kukua. Lengo la Paulo lilikuwa "tumsimamishe kila mtu mkamilifu katika Kristo" (Wakolosai 1:28). Njia ya Kiwesley ya kufundisha haikuwa darasa hasa. Ilikuwa kikundi kidogo, mkutano wa darasa, wenye viongozi waliomjua kila mtu. Kipindi cha 3 kitachunguza kazi hii.2. Teach and disciple. The pastor does not only win people to Christ; he helps them grow. Paul's aim was to "present every man perfect in Christ Jesus" (Colossians 1:28). The Wesleyan way of teaching was not mainly a classroom. It was the small group, the class meeting, with leaders who knew each person. Unit 3 will study this task.

3. Kulinda. Paulo aliwaonya wazee wa Efeso kwamba "mbwa-mwitu wakali" wangeingia na kwamba watu kutoka miongoni mwao wenyewe wangenena "mambo yaliyopotoka" (Matendo 20:29-30). Mchungaji hulinda mafundisho yaliyo sahihi na pia maisha ya kimaadili ya kanisa. Kanuni za Jumla za Wesley ziliwataka wanachama wasifanye madhara, wafanye mema na watumie njia za neema, naye aliwaondoa kutoka kwenye jumuiya wale ambao hawakuzishika. Huu si ukatili. Ni ulinzi wa mchungaji kwa kundi, na unakusudiwa kurejesha, si kuharibu (Wagalatia 6:1).3. Guard. Paul warned the Ephesian elders that "savage wolves" would come in and that men from among themselves would speak "perverse things" (Acts 20:29-30). The pastor guards sound doctrine and also the moral life of the church. Wesley's General Rules asked members to do no harm, to do good and to use the means of grace, and he removed from the societies those who would not keep them. This is not cruelty. It is the shepherd's protection of the flock, and it is meant to restore, not to destroy (Galatians 6:1).

4. Kutunza. Mchungaji hutembelea wagonjwa, hufariji waliofiwa, huimarisha walio dhaifu, na humtafuta yule anayepotea. Paulo anasema, "waonyeni walio na tabia ya uasi, watieni moyo walioogopa, wasaidieni walio dhaifu, mvumilie watu wote" (1 Wathesalonike 5:14).4. Care. The pastor visits the sick, comforts the grieving, strengthens the weak, and seeks the one who wanders. Paul says, "warn those who are unruly, comfort the fainthearted, uphold the weak, be patient with all" (1 Thessalonians 5:14). Unit 4 will study this task.

Mchungaji anayehubiri lakini hatunzi atakuwa na kanisa linalomsifu lakini halipendi. Anayetunza lakini hafundishi atakuwa na kanisa lenye uchangamfu lakini lisilo na kina. Mchungaji wa Kiwesley huzishika zote nne pamoja.A pastor who preaches but does not care will have a church that admires him and does not love. One who cares but does not teach will have a church that is warm and shallow. The Wesleyan pastor keeps all four together.

Utakatifu wa Mchungaji MwenyeweThe Pastor's Own Holiness

Mapokeo ya Kiwesley yanasisitiza kwamba maisha ya mchungaji ni sehemu ya ujumbe. Paulo alimwambia Timotheo, "uwe kielelezo kwa wale waaminio, katika usemi, katika mwenendo, katika upendo, katika imani, katika usafi" (1 Timotheo 4:12). Aliongeza, "Jitunze nafsi yako mwenyewe na mafundisho yako. Dumu katika mambo hayo; maana ukifanya hivi, utajiokoa nafsi yako mwenyewe na hao wakusikiao pia" (1 Timotheo 4:16).The Wesleyan tradition insists that the pastor's life is part of the message. Paul told Timothy, "Be an example to the believers in word, in conduct, in love, in spirit, in faith, in purity" (1 Timothy 4:12). He added, "Take heed to yourself and to the doctrine. Continue in them, for in doing this you will save both yourself and those who hear you" (1 Timothy 4:16).

Mazoea ya Wesley yalikubaliana na hili. Alipowahoji wagombea wa kazi ya kuhubiri, maswali hayakuishia kwenye elimu. Aliuliza, kwa ufupi, kama mtu huyo alikuwa na karama pamoja na neema kwa ajili ya kazi hiyo, na kama kulikuwa na matunda: yaani, kama wenye dhambi walikuwa wakigeuzwa kumwelekea Mungu kupitia kazi yake. Karama, neema na matunda bado ni kipimo kizuri kwa wito wowote wa huduma leo.Wesley's practice agreed with this. When he examined candidates for the preaching work, the questions did not stop with learning. He asked, in substance, whether the person had gifts as well as grace for the work, and whether there was fruit: whether sinners were being turned to God through his labor. Gifts, grace and fruit are still a good test for any call to ministry today.

Kwa Wawesley, utakatifu wa mchungaji si kuonekana mkamilifu. Kozi 3 ilifundisha kwamba ukamilifu wa Kikristo ni upendo mkamilifu, si kutokuwa na makosa au udhaifu. Mchungaji ni muumini ambaye bado anafanywa mtakatifu, na anasema hivyo kwa unyofu. Mchungaji humpenda Mungu kwa moyo wake wote na humpenda jirani yake, ikiwa ni pamoja na jirani mgumu ndani ya kanisa lake mwenyewe. Mchungaji anayeomba kidogo, anayesoma Maandiko kidogo na anayetumia njia za neema kidogo atahubiri bila nguvu hivi karibuni. Wesley alifundisha kwamba Mungu kwa kawaida hutoa neema kupitia njia alizoziweka: maombi, Maandiko, Meza ya Bwana, kufunga, na ushirika wa Kikristo. Mchungaji anazihitaji yeye mwenyewe kabla ya kuwaongoza wengine ndani yake.For Wesleyans, the pastor's holiness is not a matter of looking perfect. Course 3 taught that Christian perfection is perfect love, not freedom from mistakes or weakness. The pastor is a believer who is still being made holy, and he says so honestly. The pastor loves God with all his heart and loves his neighbor, including the difficult neighbor in his own church. A pastor who prays little, reads Scripture little and uses the means of grace little will soon preach without power. Wesley taught that God ordinarily gives grace through the means He has appointed: prayer, the Scriptures, the Lord's Supper, fasting, and Christian fellowship. The pastor needs these for himself before he leads others in them.

Mchungaji pia anahitaji mtu anayeitazama roho yake. Wahubiri wa mwanzo wa Methodisti walitazamana maisha na mafundisho ya kila mmoja katika mkutano. Mchungaji wa Kiwesley leo anapaswa kuwa na rafiki, kiongozi wa wilaya au mchungaji mzee ambaye anawajibika kwake.The pastor also needs someone who watches over his soul. Early Methodist preachers kept watch over one another's lives and teaching in conference. A Wesleyan pastor today should have a friend, a district leader or an older pastor to whom he is accountable.

Jinsi Wachungaji wa Kiwesley Walivyoitwa na KutumwaHow Wesleyan Pastors Have Been Called and Sent

Wesley aligundua kwamba Mungu alikuwa akiwainua wanaume na wanawake wenye karama ya kuhubiri na kutunza, naye akawaweka kazini kama wahubiri waumini wa kawaida chini ya uongozi wake. Walisafiri hadi maeneo yasiyo na mchungaji na walikutana naye katika mkutano. Huko Amerika, Francis Asbury alituma wapanda-farasi wa mzunguko (circuit riders) kwenye makazi mapya (tazama Kozi 1, Kipindi cha 6, na Kipindi cha 7 cha kozi hii).Wesley found that God was raising up men and women with a gift for preaching and caring, and he put them to work as lay preachers under his direction. They traveled to places that had no minister and met with him in conference. In America, Francis Asbury sent circuit riders into the new settlements (see Course 1, Unit 6, and Unit 7 of this course).

Wasomi bado wanajadili jinsi Wesley anavyopaswa kueleweka. Baadhi ya wanahistoria wanasisitiza kwamba alibaki kuwa kasisi wa Kanisa la Uingereza hadi kifo chake na hakukusudia kamwe kuanzisha kanisa tofauti. Wengine wanasisitiza kwamba matendo yake, hasa kuwatuma wahubiri waumini wa kawaida na kuwekwa wakfu kwa watu mwaka 1784 kwa ajili ya Amerika, kwa vitendo kuliunda kanisa jipya. Msomaji mwadilifu anaweza kuona kwamba pande zote mbili zina ushahidi. Kwa kusudi letu, mjadala huo si muhimu kuliko kanuni inayosimama chini yake: Wesley alihukumu ofisi kwa kuangalia kama inatumikia wokovu na ukuaji wa watu.Scholars still debate how Wesley should be understood. Some historians stress that he remained a priest of the Church of England until his death and never meant to found a separate church. Others stress that his actions, especially the sending out of lay preachers and the ordinations of 1784 for America, created in practice a new church. A fair reader can see that both points have evidence. For our purpose the debate matters less than the principle that stands under it: Wesley judged an office by whether it served the salvation and growth of people.

Pingamizi na Majibu ya KiwesleyObjections and Wesleyan Answers

Mchungaji anapaswa kuwa tayari kwa maswali kutoka kwa Wakristo wengine. Tunaeleza pingamizi tatu kama wanavyozishikilia wenyewe.A pastor should be ready for questions from other Christians. We state three objections as their holders would.

Pingamizi 1: "Kuokoa roho" ni finyu mno. Mchungaji anapaswa kujali njaa, haki na afya.Objection 1: "Saving souls" is too narrow. The pastor should care about hunger, justice and health.

Baadhi ya wakosoaji husema kwamba kauli mbiu kuhusu roho huliongoza kanisa kupuuza mateso ya miili ya watu. Wengine, kutoka upande mwingine, husema kinyume chake: mchungaji anapaswa kufanya kazi ya kiroho tu na kuwaachia maskini serikali.Some critics say that a slogan about souls leads the church to ignore the suffering of people's bodies. Others, from a different direction, say the opposite: the pastor should do only spiritual work and leave the poor to the government.

Jibu letu. Maisha ya Wesley mwenyewe yanajibu yote mawili. Alielewa "roho" kama watu wazima. Alitembelea magereza, alitoa sehemu kubwa ya alichopata, na alisaidia kufungua zahanati ya bure kwa maskini, na katika maisha yake ya baadaye aliandika dhidi ya biashara ya watumwa. Wakati huo huo, hakufanya kazi ya kijamii kuwa mbadala wa injili. Yesu alilisha wenye njaa na pia alisema kwamba mtu hataishi kwa mkate tu (Mathayo 4:4). Yakobo anaandika kwamba imani isiyo na matendo imekufa (Yakobo 2:14-17). Mchungaji wa Kiwesley hufanya yote mawili, na hairuhusu moja kuliondoa lingine.Our answer. Wesley's own life answers both. He understood "souls" as whole persons. He visited prisons, gave away most of what he earned, and helped open a free medical dispensary for the poor, and in later life he wrote against the slave trade. At the same time, he did not make social work a replacement for the gospel. Jesus fed the hungry and also said that man shall not live by bread alone (Matthew 4:4). James writes that faith without works is dead (James 2:14-17). The Wesleyan pastor does both, and does not let one push out the other.

Pingamizi 2: Mchungaji ni muumini mmoja tu miongoni mwa wengi. Wakristo wote ni makuhani, kwa hiyo mchungaji hana ofisi maalum.Objection 2: The pastor is only one believer among many. All Christians are priests, so the pastor has no special office.

Wakristo wengi wa makanisa huru hushikilia kwamba Agano Jipya hufundisha ukuhani wa waumini wote (1 Petro 2:9) na kwamba ofisi maalum ya kichungaji humweka mtu mmoja juu ya wengine.Many free-church Christians hold that the New Testament teaches the priesthood of all believers (1 Peter 2:9) and that a special pastoral office puts one person above others.

Jibu letu. Tunashikilia ukuhani wa waumini wote; kila Mkristo ana njia ya kumwendea Mungu kupitia Kristo na ana sehemu katika ushuhuda wa kanisa. Lakini Agano Jipya hilo hilo hufundisha kwamba Kristo "alitoa wengine kuwa mitume; na wengine manabii; na wengine wainjilisti; na wengine wachungaji na waalimu; kwa kusudi la kuwakamilisha watakatifu, wapate kufanya kazi ya huduma" (Waefeso 4:11-12). Mchungaji hasimami juu ya kanisa kama mtawala. Anasimama mbele yake kama mtumishi, ili kuwapa watakatifu wote vifaa vya kazi yao. Petro anasema wazee hawapaswi kuwa "kama mmewatawala hao mlio kabidhiwa, bali mkiwa vielelezo kwa hilo kundi" (1 Petro 5:3). Ofisi hii ipo ili kutumikia ukuhani wa wote, si kuuchukua nafasi yake.Our answer. We hold the priesthood of all believers; every Christian has access to God through Christ and a share in the church's witness. But the same New Testament teaches that Christ "gave some to be apostles, some prophets, some evangelists, and some pastors and teachers, for the equipping of the saints for the work of ministry" (Ephesians 4:11-12). The pastor does not stand above the church as a ruler. He stands in front of it as a servant, to equip all the saints for their work. Peter says the elders must not be "lords over those entrusted to you, but being examples to the flock" (1 Peter 5:3). The office exists to serve the priesthood of all, not to replace it.

Pingamizi 3: Wesley mwenyewe aliongoza kama mtawala. Uongozi wa Kiwesley unadhibiti mno.Objection 3: Wesley himself led like a ruler. Wesleyan leadership is too controlling.

Wanahistoria wamebaini kwamba Wesley alikuwa na mamlaka makubwa binafsi juu ya jumuiya na wahubiri, na baadhi ya watu wa wakati wake walipinga jambo hilo.Historians have noted that Wesley held great personal authority over the societies and the preachers, and some of his contemporaries objected to it.

Jibu letu. Wesley aliongoza kwa uthabiti, na hakuwa mkamilifu. Hatunakili kila sehemu ya mtindo wake. Tunashika kanuni kwamba mamlaka ya mchungaji ni ya mtumishi anayewajibika kwa Kristo na kwa wengine. Wesley alikutana na wahubiri wake katika mkutano ili kuchunguza pamoja mafundisho na mwenendo, na baadaye mashirika ya Kiwesley yaliwapa wanachama na bodi za mahali sauti kubwa zaidi (tazama Kozi 4).Our answer. Wesley did lead firmly, and he was not perfect. We do not copy every part of his style. We keep the principle that the pastor's authority is that of a servant who answers to Christ and to others. Wesley met his preachers in conference to examine doctrine and conduct together, and later Wesleyan bodies gave members and local boards a larger voice (see Course 4).

Matumizi ya KichungajiPastoral Application

Mchungaji Mateo anahudumia makanisa mawili madogo katika vilima nje ya mji. Pia hufanya kazi siku tatu kwa wiki kama fundi wa magari. Jioni ya Jumapili amechoka, na shemasi anamwambia kwamba Bi. Rosa amekuwa mgonjwa kwa majuma mawili na hakuna aliyemtembelea. Mateo pia ana mahubiri ya kuandaa, na jambo la kifamilia katika kanisa lile lingine.Pastor Mateo serves two small congregations in the hills outside a town. He also works three days a week as a mechanic. On Sunday afternoon he is tired, and a deacon tells him that Doña Rosa has been sick for two weeks and no one has visited her. Mateo also has a sermon to prepare, and a family matter in the other church.

Anakumbuka kwamba agizo la Wesley si kufanya kila kitu yeye mwenyewe bali kujitoa kwa wokovu na ukuaji wa watu. Anaamua mambo manne. Kwanza, anakwenda kumwona Bi. Rosa jioni hiyo, anaomba naye na kumsomea Zaburi 23. Pili, anawaomba wanawake wawili waliokomaa wa kanisa wamtembelee kila wiki, na anawafundisha cha kusema na cha kutosema. Tatu, anatoa wakati maalum kila asubuhi kwa maombi na Maandiko, hata kama ni mfupi, kwa sababu anajua hawezi kutoa asichonacho. Nne, anampigia mchungaji mwingine katika wilaya yake na kumwomba amwombee na asikie hali ya roho yake mwenyewe.He remembers that Wesley's charge is not to do everything himself but to give himself to the saving and growth of people. He decides on four things. First, he goes to see Doña Rosa that evening, prays with her and reads Psalm 23. Second, he asks two mature women from the church to visit her each week, and he trains them in what to say and what not to say. Third, he gives a regular time each morning to prayer and Scripture, even if it is short, because he knows he cannot give what he does not have. Fourth, he calls another pastor on his district and asks him to pray for him and to hear how his own soul is doing.

Huo ndio mfano wa Kiwesley: mchungaji anayechunga, anayewapa wengine vifaa na anayekaa karibu na Kristo.That is the Wesleyan pattern: a pastor who shepherds, equips others and stays close to Christ.

MuhtasariSummary

John Wesley aliwaambia wahubiri wake kwamba hawana jambo jingine la kufanya ila kuokoa roho. Hii inamaanisha mtu mzima, tangu kuamka kwa kwanza hadi upendo mkamilifu, na inaweka kipaumbele cha kazi yote ya mchungaji. Katika Agano Jipya, "mzee," "mwangalizi" na "mchungaji" huelezea ofisi moja kutoka pande tatu, kama Matendo 20:17-28 na 1 Petro 5:1-4 yanavyoonyesha. Mchungaji wa Kiwesley ana kazi nne: kuhubiri, kufundisha na kuwafanya watu wanafunzi, kulinda, na kutunza. Maisha ya mchungaji mwenyewe ni muhimu, na kipimo cha Umethodisti wa mwanzo kilikuwa karama, neema na matunda. Mchungaji anahitaji njia za neema na anahitaji mtu wa kuitazama roho yake. Wanahistoria hujadili kama Wesley alikusudia kuanzisha kanisa jipya, lakini kanuni inabaki: ofisi zipo ili kutumikia wokovu na ukuaji wa watu. Tulijibu pingamizi tatu. Mchungaji hutumikia mtu mzima; ukuhani wa waumini wote na ofisi ya kichungaji vinakwenda pamoja; na mchungaji huongoza kama mtumishi chini ya Neno.John Wesley told his preachers that they had nothing to do but to save souls. This means the whole person, from first awakening to perfect love, and it sets the priority for all the pastor's work. In the New Testament, "elder," "overseer" and "shepherd" describe one office from three sides, as Acts 20:17-28 and 1 Peter 5:1-4 show. The Wesleyan pastor has four tasks: preaching, teaching and discipling, guarding, and caring. The pastor's own life matters, and the early Methodist test was gifts, grace and fruit. The pastor needs the means of grace and needs someone to watch over his soul. Historians debate whether Wesley meant to found a new church, but the principle stands: offices exist to serve the salvation and growth of people. We answered three objections. The pastor serves the whole person; the priesthood of all believers and the pastoral office belong together; and the pastor leads as a servant under the Word.

Usomaji ZaidiFurther Reading

• John Wesley, "The Means of Grace" (Njia za Neema), katika Mahubiri ya Kawaida (Standard Sermons).• John Wesley, "The Means of Grace," in the Standard Sermons.

• John Wesley, The Journal of John Wesley (Shajara ya John Wesley), hasa maelezo ya Mtaa wa Aldersgate mwaka 1738.• John Wesley, The Journal of John Wesley, especially the entry for Aldersgate Street in 1738.

• John Wesley, "A Plain Account of the People Called Methodists" (Maelezo Rahisi Kuhusu Watu Wanaoitwa Methodisti), chanzo cha msingi kuhusu jumuiya za mwanzo.• John Wesley, "A Plain Account of the People Called Methodists," a primary source on the early societies.

• The General Rules of the United Societies (Kanuni za Jumla za Jumuiya Zilizoungana), chanzo cha msingi.• The General Rules of the United Societies, a primary source.

• John Wesley, Notes on the New Testament (Maelezo juu ya Agano Jipya), kuhusu Matendo 20 na 1 Petro 5.• John Wesley, Notes on the New Testament, on Acts 20 and 1 Peter 5.

• Richard Baxter, The Reformed Pastor (Mchungaji Aliyerekebishwa) (1656), kitabu bora cha Wapuritani kuhusu kazi ya mchungaji.• Richard Baxter, The Reformed Pastor (1656), a Puritan classic on the pastor's work.

• George Herbert, A Priest to the Temple (Kasisi wa Hekaluni) (1652), kitabu bora kuhusu mchungaji wa vijijini.• George Herbert, A Priest to the Temple (1652), a classic on the country pastor.

• Francis Asbury, The Journal of Francis Asbury (Shajara ya Francis Asbury), chanzo cha msingi kuhusu mchungaji mpanda-farasi wa mzunguko.• Francis Asbury, The Journal of Francis Asbury, a primary source on the circuit-riding pastor.

• Kozi 1 (historia), Kozi 3 (utakatifu) na Kozi 4 (huduma ya waliowekwa wakfu) za mkondo huu wa masomo.• Course 1 (history), Course 3 (holiness) and Course 4 (ordained ministry) of this specialization.

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